Understanding Logical Fallacies
A logical fallacy is a flaw in reasoning that renders an argument invalid or unsound. Unlike cognitive biases, which are systematic errors in thinking, logical fallacies are specific mistakes in the structure or content of arguments.
These fallacies can be committed intentionally (to mislead) or unintentionally (due to poor reasoning skills). Understanding them helps you become a better critical thinker and more effective communicator.
Available Logical Fallacies
🎯 Fallacies of Relevance
These fallacies introduce irrelevant information that distracts from the real issue.
Straw Man Fallacy
Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack, then arguing against this distorted version.
Ad Hominem
Attacking the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument itself.
⚡ Fallacies of Insufficient Evidence
These fallacies occur when conclusions are drawn from inadequate or inappropriate evidence.
False Dilemma
Presenting only two options when more alternatives exist, forcing a choice between extremes.
Slippery Slope
Claiming that one event will inevitably lead to a chain of negative consequences without evidence.
Appeal to Authority
Accepting claims as true simply because an authority figure made them, regardless of their expertise in the specific area.
Bandwagon Fallacy
Believing something is true or right just because many other people believe it or are doing it.
Coming Soon
We're continuously expanding our collection of logical fallacies. Future additions will include:
- Circular Reasoning - Using the conclusion as one of the premises
- Red Herring - Introducing irrelevant information to distract from the main issue
- Appeal to Emotion - Using emotional manipulation instead of logical reasoning
- Hasty Generalization - Drawing broad conclusions from limited examples
How to Identify Fallacies
Focus on Structure
Look at how the argument is constructed. Does the conclusion follow logically from the premises?
Check Relevance
Ask whether the evidence presented actually supports the conclusion being made.
Look for Missing Information
Consider what information might be missing or what alternative explanations exist.
Practice with Examples
Use our interactive tools to practice recognizing fallacies in realistic scenarios.